Wilful default: 5,600 owe banks Rs 60,000 crore

SBI, the country’s largest lender, is owed Rs 12,091 crore, followed by another state-run lender PNB which has receivables of Rs 9,445 crore lent to 698 borrowers.

More than 5,600 borrowers, who owe banks close to Rs 60,000 crore, have been declared wilful defaulters by lenders as on December 31, data from credit information bureau CIBIL shows. 

More than 5,600 borrowers, who owe banks close to Rs 60,000 crore, have been declared wilful defaulters by lenders as on December 31, data from credit information bureau CIBIL shows. These instances of wilful default are those where banks have filed suits.

Not surprisingly, the country’s largest lender State Bank of India (SBI) is owed Rs 12,091 crore, followed by another state-run lender Punjab National Bank (PNB) which has receivables of Rs 9,445 crore lent to 698 borrowers. If the non-suit filed accounts are also considered, then close to a third of PNB’s gross non-performing assets (NPAs) of Rs 34,338 crore have resulted from wilful defaults. Of this amount of Rs 10,869 crore, the top 10 wilful defaulters together owe the New Delhi-headquartered bank Rs 3,554 crore.

Kotak Mahindra Bank has the highest amount of loans stuck with wilful defaulters among private sector banks at Rs 5,442 crore. Wilful defaults for private sector banks stood at Rs 10,250 crore and at Rs 463 crore for foreign banks.

According to RBI guidelines, a borrower is termed a wilful defaulter if he has defaulted in meeting the repayment obligations to the lender even when it has the capacity to repay, or has not utilised the money from the lender for the specific purposes for which finance was availed and has diverted the funds for other purposes.

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India says will ensure that banks are well-capitalised

India has "good control" over stressed loans at state-owned banks and will ensure lenders are well-capitalised, junior finance minister Jayant Sinha said on Friday.

Speaking as senior officials from the banks, the Reserve Bank of India and the finance ministry held an annual meeting, Sinha said the government would allocate capital based on the banks' capital-adequacy ratios, performance and credit growth.

"We will provide more as necessary to ensure that our banks are well-capitalised," he told reporters.

"As far as the set of stressed assets is concerned, as far as the NPA (non-performing assets) situation is concerned, that we think we now have very good control over and of course (we are) working very closely with the RBI."

Some critics accused the government of skimping on a bailout for the ailing state banks after Finance Minister Arun Jaitley did not announce additional funding in his Feb. 29 budget.

He stuck to plans to provide state banks with 250 billion rupees ($3.7 billion) of new capital in the next financial year towards a sector-wide bailout that the government estimates will cost $26 billion over four years.

Stressed loans -- those that have already turned bad and those seen at risk of doing so -- amount to 8 trillion Indian rupees ($119 billion), or 11.25 percent of total loans, Sinha said on Friday.

A recent surge in bad loans at state-run lenders after their regulator ordered a clean-up has led rating agencies to suggest banks will need more capital support from the government to cover losses and meet Basel III global banking rules.

More than two-dozen state-run lenders account for over two-thirds of India's banking assets and some 85 percent of troubled loans in the financial sector.

($1 = 67.0630 rupees)

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Large-value accounts responsible for rising NPAs: CBI chief

A group of "large-value" corporate accounts has pushed up non-performing assets (NPAs) and associated financial frauds in the country since 2008, CBI chief Anil Sinha said this week, at a time when dozens of Indian banks are swamped with bad loans.

The crisis runs deep, Sinha said at a financial conference in Mumbai on Wednesday, weeks after the Supreme Court asked the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to provide details of companies that have each defaulted on loans of more than Rs500 crore.

However, the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) director did not give details of the accounts that are being examined by the agency.

India's banking sector, dominated by about two-dozen state-run lenders, has been bruised by its highest bad-loan ratio in years as lagging economic growth hit companies' abilities to service debt.

In August 2013, then CBI director Ranjit Sinha told a gathering of government officials that the "bulk of the NPAs is from the top 30 accounts, which is learnt to be running into thousands of crores."

A loan is recognised as a non-performing asset when the repayment is delayed beyond 90 days. This forces the bank to make provisions by setting aside funds, further restricting its lending capacity.

At the Mumbai meet, Anil Sinha said defaulters are not getting deterred because of "weak and diffused" accountability mechanisms in banks and financial institutions.

"Added to this is the unduly slow and long process by which such loans and advances are red-flagged, declared NPAs, then wilful defaulters and finally fraudulent," he said. It "allows large borrowers ample time to walk with the funds.to tax havens."

According to government figures, gross NPAs of 39 listed banks stood at Rs 4.43 lakh crore in December 2015, nearly ten times the 2009 level.

"The CBI has recently registered a case of cheating and fraud against Kingfisher and its erstwhile management involving allegations of defrauding banks to the tune of Rs 7,000 crore," Sinha said.

"This case was registered in July 2015, but the loans or advances were taken during 2004-2012. However, despite our repeated requests, the banks did not file a complaint with the CBI. We had to register the case on our own initiative."

RBI governor Raghuram Rajan has set banks a March 2017 deadline to clean up their balance sheets and treat some troubled loan accounts as bad and make provisions for them by the end of this March.

Sinha also underscored the need for pre-emptive action to thwart deposit scams that thrive in India's vast informal financial sector.

"The second case relates to PACL -Pearls Agrotech Corporation Ltd-which has reportedly collected over Rs 51,000 crore of illegal deposits from nearly 5.5 crore investors," he said, referring to the scandal that illustrated the risks faced by millions of low-income Indians who live outside the banking system.

"It needed the Supreme Court to step in to order investigations. Should not the regulator have suo moto (on its own) stepped in?"

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RBI releases draft norms for account aggregators

Such NBFCs should have minimum net-owned funds of Rs2 crore and cannot provide any services other than account aggregation

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on Thursday released draft guidelines for setting up of non-banking finance companies (NBFC) that would act as account aggregators and provide customers with a single platform view of all their financial holdings across banking, insurance, mutual funds, provident funds and shares.

“At present, persons holding financial assets such as, savings bank deposits, fixed deposits, mutual funds and insurance policies do not get a consolidated view of their financial asset holdings, especially when the entities fall under the purview of different financial sector regulators. Account aggregators would fill this gap by collecting and providing information of customers’ financial assets in a consolidated, organized and retrievable manner to the customer or any other person as per the instructions of the customer,” RBI said in its release.

Such NBFCs should have minimum net-owned funds of Rs.2 crore and cannot provide any services other than account aggregation, the central bank said, adding that the account aggregator cannot support transactions in financial assets. Only NBFCs that have registered with the RBI will be allowed to undertake account aggregation. However, companies that aggregate accounts of only a particular financial sector governed by other regulators can be exempt from seeking RBI approval, the central bank said.

Initially, only financial assets whose records are stored electronically and are under the regulation of the financial sector regulators, namely RBI, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) and Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) shall be considered for aggregation, the draft norms said.

The NBFCs would provide account aggregation services in response to a specific application by the customer for availing such services and would be backed by appropriate agreements and authorisations, the draft norms said.

“No financial asset-related customer information pulled out by the account aggregator from the financial service providers should reside with the account aggregator,” the central bank said.

Pricing of services would be as per the account aggregator’s board-approved policy, RBI added.

In July 2015, RBI governor Raghuram Rajan had announced the intention of setting up such NBFCs for account aggregation.

The central bank has sought comment and feedback on the draft norms by 18 March.

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Banks delayed in declaring Kingfisher as defaulters: CBI

Banks delayed in declaring Kingfisher as defaulters: CBI

The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) on Wednesday blamed commercial banks for the delay in declaring Kingfisher Airlines (KFA) and its promoter Vijay Mallya as defaulters.

"The CBI registered a case of cheating and fraud against Kingfisher and its erstwhile management involving allegations of defrauding banks to the tune of Rs 7,000 crore. This case was registered in July 2015, but loans were taken during 2004 to 2012. However, despite our repeated requests, banks did not file a complaint with the CBI. We had to register the case on our own initiative," CBI director Anil Sinha while addressing a conference jointly organised by the Indian Banks Association and the investigating agency.

HT had reported on February 29, 2016 that the RBI was questioning banks for lending Rs 5,253 cr to Kolkata-based REI Agro Ltd after the CBI uncovered fraud.

Sinha cited the example of how the agency's suo moto action against Pearls Agro eventually led to the arrest of the company's chairman.

SBI chairman Arundhati Bhattacharya, who was also present on the occasion, didn't comment on the issue.

SBI, along with other banks, had lent close to Rs 7,000 crore to the UB Group, the parent company of KFA. It was only last month that PNB declared the airline and Mallya wilful defaulters, a claim currently being contested by Mallya.

"While I fully understand that loan defaults can happen due to business risk and reasons beyond control of banks, borrowers and regulators, yet a significant part of the defaults are wilful and fraudulent," Sinha said. "What causes greater concern is that a major part of the NPAs and frauds are in large-value accounts," he said, adding that a large part of such funds moves outside the country to tax havens through unofficial channels.

Gross non-performing assets (NPAs) of banks have gone up from Rs 44,957 crore in 2009 to Rs 3 lakh crore in 2015.

The CBI investigated 171 cases of bank frauds involving Rs 20,646 crore of funds in 2015.

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